These GEIA
datasets have been constructed in line with the corresponding Global Pesticides
Release Database (GloPeRD), which have been compiled by Environment Canada, and
reside at the GloPeRD web site (http://www.msc.ec.gc.ca/data/gloperd/
).
The pesticides that
we are working on are organochlorine pesticides (COPs), in which carbon and
chlorine are combined. Most of organochlorine pesticides are persistent organic
pollutants (POPs). The 1998 Aarhus Protocol on POPs listed 16 substances, 11 of
which are OCPs, which are aldrine, dieldrine, endrine, chlordane, DDT,
heptachlore, hexachlorobenzene, mirex, chlordecone, lindane, and toxaphene. The
Stockholm Convention
on POPs in 2001aimed to eliminate or at least to control 12 POPs, 9 of which are
OCPs, which are aldrine, dieldrine, endrine, chlordane, DDT, heptachlore,
hexachlorobenzene (HCB), mirex, and toxaphene.
Table 1 gives a list of emission inventories for some organochlorine pesticides produced or to be produced soon.
Table 1. Global organochlorine pesticides emission inventories
|
Pesticides |
Spatial
Scale |
Resolution |
Period |
Temporal
Scale |
Available |
|
a-HCH |
Global |
1x1 lat/long |
1980 |
Annual |
Yes |
|
a-HCH |
Global |
1x1 lat/long |
1990 |
Annual |
Yes |
|
a-HCH |
Global |
1x1 lat/long |
2000 |
Annual |
Yes |
|
b-HCH |
Global |
1x1 lat/long |
|
Annual |
TBA |
|
g-HCH |
Global |
1x1 lat/long |
|
Annual |
TBA |
|
toxaphene |
Global |
1x1 lat/long |
|
Annual |
TBA |
|
DDT |
Global |
1x1 lat/long |
|
Annual |
TBA |
Go
directly to a-hexachlorocyclohexane
(a-HCH) Emission for 1980 on the GloPeRD web site (
http://www.msc.ec.gc.ca/data/gloperd/emission_e.cfm#fig1 ).
Go
directly to a-HCH Emission
for 1990 on the GloPeRD web site (http://www.msc.ec.gc.ca/data/gloperd/emission_e.cfm#fig2 ).
Go
directly to a-HCH Emission
for 2000 on the GloPeRD web site (http://www.msc.ec.gc.ca/data/gloperd/emission_e.cfm#fig3 ).
Contact:
Yi-Fan Li, Air Quality Research Branch, Meteorological Service of
Canada, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3H 5T4,
Canada. e-mail: yi-fan.li@ec.gc.ca, website: http://www.msc.ec.gc.ca/data/gloperd/
a-HCH Emission:
Abstract. Global a-HCH emissions on a 1ox1o longitude/latitude grid system in 1980 and 1990 due to 10 consecutive years of application of technical HCH are presented. The total global usage of a-HCH was estimated to be around 312 kt in 1980, and 52.5 kt in 1990. Total global a-HCH emissions in 1980 were 217 kt, among which, 95.5% was contributed by the current use of a-HCH in 1980, and 4.5% by the residues due to usage since 1970. Total global a-HCH emissions in 1990 were 37 kt, among which, 92.9% was contributed by the current use of a-HCH in 1990, and 7.1% by the residues due to usage since 1980. Emissions of a-HCH moved from higher latitudes towards lower ones, and underwent "southward tilt" from 1980 to 1990. In 1980 approximately 80% of the global a-HCH emissions originated in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes, followed by around 14% in the Northern Hemisphere tropics, while in 1990 approximately 48% of the global a-HCH emissions originated in the Northern Hemisphere tropics, followed by around 40% in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes. Emissions of a-HCH were strongly localized in Asia. Among total global a-HCH emissions, 82% and 66% originated in Asia in 1980 and 1990, respectively. Study of trends of a-HCH residues shows that a-HCH can remain in the soil for an additional 10 years after its ban in countries such as China and Japan. Qualitative uncertainty estimates have also been assigned on a regional basis.
Li, Y.
F., M. T. Scholdz, and B.J. van Heyst, 2000, "Global gridded emission inventory
of a- hexachlorocyclohexane", J. Geophys.
Res., 105, D5, 6621-6632.